tomcat-introduction

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Tomcat介绍

1 startup.bat

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::注解说明
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rem Guess CATALINA_HOME if not defined
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set "CURRENT_DIR=%cd%"
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:: 若不存在CATALINA_HOME就跳转到goHome标签处
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if not "%CATALINA_HOME%" == "" goto gotHome
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set "CATALINA_HOME=%CURRENT_DIR%"
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:: 若存在CATALINA_HOME就跳转到okHome标签处
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if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
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:: 切换到tomcat的根目录，并将CATALINA_HOME设置成根目录路径
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cd ..
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set "CATALINA_HOME=%cd%"
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cd "%CURRENT_DIR%"
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:gotHome
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if exist "%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat" goto okHome
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echo The CATALINA_HOME environment variable is not defined correctly
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echo This environment variable is needed to run this program
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goto end
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:okHome
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:: 将catalina所在路径赋予EXECUTABLE变量
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set "EXECUTABLE=%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\catalina.bat"
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rem Check that target executable exists
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if exist "%EXECUTABLE%" goto okExec
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echo Cannot find "%EXECUTABLE%"
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echo This file is needed to run this program
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goto end
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:okExec
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rem Get remaining unshifted command line arguments and save them in the
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set CMD_LINE_ARGS=
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:setArgs
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if ""%1""=="""" goto doneSetArgs
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set CMD_LINE_ARGS=%CMD_LINE_ARGS% %1
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shift
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goto setArgs
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:doneSetArgs
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call "%EXECUTABLE%" start %CMD_LINE_ARGS%
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:end

总结： 当CATALINA_HOME不存在时，会根据startup.bat文件路径上级作为tomcat的根路径并赋予CATALINA_HOME，之后便定位使用。所以，当要布署多个tomcat时，最好不要在环境变量里面设置tomcat的

CATALINA_HOME值

  • stop.bat 同startup.bat
  • catalina.bat 同startup.bat

我们可以显式指定tomcat相关命令所在路径

  • startup.bat

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set CATALINA_HOME=C:\tomcatServer
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set CATALINA_BASE=C:\tomcatInstanceOne
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C:\tomcatServer\bin\startup.bat

2. 布署多个tomcat实例

**conf\server.xml**

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!--服务器 shutdown端口设置-->
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<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
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   <!--监听器-->
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  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
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  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
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  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
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  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
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  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
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  <!--全局名称空间资源配置-->
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   <GlobalNamingResources>
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    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
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              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
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              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
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              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
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              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
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  </GlobalNamingResources>
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   <!--服务-->
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  <Service name="Catalina">
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     <!--http协议-->
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    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
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               connectionTimeout="20000"
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               redirectPort="8443" />
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     <!--AJP协议：Apache JServ Protocol-->
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    <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
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	<!--引擎名： 在tomcat加载过程中会使用-->
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    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
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		<!--存储了资源与访问信息-->
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      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
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        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
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               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
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      </Realm>
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		<!--主机： web应用所放位置-->
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      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
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            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
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        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
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               prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
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               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
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      </Host>
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    </Engine>
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  </Service>
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</Server>

下图是server中的server service engine host context的关系 ，及连接时所用的协议原理图

Advanced Tutorial on Tomcat 7

所要更改的选项

  • shutdown
  • protocal
    • http
    • ajp
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<connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" />
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<server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"/>
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<connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
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